Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. They drink it to cheer up in the morning, to warm up during a long walk or in the evening. And also to increase activity. Thousands of people cannot imagine their life without this aromatic drink. And today we want to tell you about the types of coffee and how to prepare them.
Types of coffee
There are three main types that are popular:
- Arabica.
- Robusta.
- Liberica.
The most popular of them is Arabica. And Liberica is less common, since it has the weakest strength. Most often, it is added to coffee mixtures. Arabica has a rich taste, aroma, and moderate strength. Growing in a humid climate and having deep roots, the coffee tree absorbs all the surrounding aromas and tastes, which sets this variety apart from others.
Robusta is the strongest of all types. It has a fairly classic taste and aroma. It is used individually in the preparation of strong drinks: espresso, Americano; or in coffee mixtures to give them strength. Also, coffee trees of this species are very hardy. And this helps this species maintain an honorable second place, despite the lack of refined taste.
How to choose good quality coffee
- no foreign matter. You can check this by adding a spoonful of ground coffee to a glass of warm water. Everything unnecessary will float to the surface;
- has no foreign odors;
- preferably stored in vacuum packaging. This is the only way to preserve the taste and aroma of coffee beans for a long time;
- pay attention to the expiration date. The older the product, the less its original qualities have been preserved;
- When brewing, a dense foam should form.
Types and methods of preparation
The photo below gives a brief visual description of the main types of coffee by preparation method with name and composition. On the Internet you can find many video recipes with explanations, descriptions of devices, and so on.
But the drink should not only be tasty and properly prepared. Today, the so-called beautiful coffee, the surface of which is decorated with a pattern, is very popular. This art of painting is called latte art.
Espresso
To make espresso coffee, you only need freshly ground beans and water. It is assumed that dark or strong roasted beans will be used. For a minimum portion of the drink of 35-40 ml, take 1 tsp. coffee. This is a sure way to perk you up in one sip. Serve the drink with a glass of water. There are also many variations of espresso. These are double and triple espresso, lungo and Americano. The weakest of them is Americano, when another 150 ml of hot water is added on top of the classic espresso.
Types of espresso-based coffee drinks
We bring to your attention coffee drinks, the recipes of which you can find out by clicking on the attached links.
Espresso is concentrated coffee with a volume of no more than 30 ml. An excellent option for those who don’t really like coffee, but need to cheer up urgently.
Doppio – double shot of espresso.
Triplo – triple shot of espresso.
Ristretto – if you remove half the water from espresso, this is what you get.
Lungo coffee - if you add a little water to espresso, you get this drink.
Con Yelo – You may not know, but espresso can also be cold. Someone came up with the idea of serving espresso with a glass of ice and gave it a beautiful name.
Americano – espresso and lots of water. Americano coffee and espresso are perhaps the most popular in Russia. Their main difference is strength and volume.
Glace – Americano coffee and a scoop of creamy ice cream.
Bonbon – espresso and condensed milk. Perhaps someone will say that he had such a drink in his childhood.
Breve – double shot of espresso and milk whipped with cream.
Types of espresso with milk
Cappuccino is espresso with the addition of foamed milk. Simply put, a cappuccino is a lot of coffee, a little milk and milk foam. The name of the drink originates in the past and comes from it. "Capuchin". It was thanks to the reddish-brown color that the robes of the Capuchin monks had. For cappuccino, take a cup with a volume of 150-180 ml, warm it up and only then pour the drink.
Latte – espresso with the addition of foamed milk. For a latte, you will need a 240 ml glass into which a layer of espresso, milk and milk foam are poured. The foam should usually have a thickness of 12 mm. Latte is more milk and coffee - it has a lot of milk, a little coffee. The difference between cappuccino and latte is in the proportions of coffee and milk.
Macchiato is espresso with the addition of a small portion of frothed milk. The surface of the coffee should not be covered with fluffy foam. Typically the amount of foam is only one teaspoon.
Café au lait is a regular coffee drink with milk added.
Flat white is a double espresso with a little more milk added than a cappuccino, and a little less milk than a latte.
Viennese coffee - espresso with the addition of a large amount of whipped cream.
Mocha or Moccacino - pour chocolate syrup or melted chocolate into the bottom of a glass, add espresso, milk and top this creation with whipped cream. In many coffee shops, cafes and restaurants, “mocha” is called a “latte + syrup” drink, but this is fundamentally wrong - only a drink with chocolate syrup can be called mocha.
Frappe - cold cappuccino coffee. The only difference between cappuccino and frappuccino is the serving temperature.
Irish coffee is a hot cocktail based on Irish whiskey and espresso. Preparation procedure: dissolve sugar in espresso, add whiskey, top with a cap of whipped milk. Here is a good coffee option for this drink.
Raf coffee or Raf is a hot combination of cream and espresso, which is whipped together with vanilla sugar. Raf is often served with some kind of syrup, as well as honey and caramel. A non-standard option is cheese raff.
Romano is a rather extreme option for thrill-seekers - equal parts espresso and lemon juice.
Marocino is the same as a macchiato, only with the addition of chocolate syrup.
Bicherin is a unique combination of white and dark chocolate, drenched in espresso and topped with whipped cream.
Bulletproof is a rich and nutritious drink based on espresso and whipped butter mixed with coconut.
Masala – espresso with the addition of spicy spices combined with milk whipped with cream.
Espresso
Real espresso is prepared in a coffee machine. It is believed that the Italians were the first to prepare it at the beginning of the 20th century. Translated from Italian, this method of cooking means “quickly”. It serves as the basis for many coffee drinks. Both single and double are prepared.
Espresso is a concentrated extract from coffee beans. It is the number of transferred aromatic and taste components that make the drink unforgettable. The first to be extracted are the aromatic substances, followed by the flavoring substances.
Water temperature is of great importance when preparing coffee. It should not exceed +93-96°C.
To prepare the classic recipe, you need 8-12 g of ground coffee and about 30 ml of water. For double espresso, take 18-22 g of coffee and 60 ml of water.
Espresso has varieties. A double portion is called doppio, a triple portion is called triplo.
This coffee is served in small 60-70 ml cups called demitasse. Before pouring the freshly brewed drink, they are heated.
For you:
Preparing the perfect espresso: barista secrets
Alcoholic coffee drinks:
Fredo is a combination of ice, espresso and cream liqueur.
Irish - espresso in a duet with whiskey, decorated with whipped cream.
Corrreto - for tough men - only whiskey and espresso.
Affogato - iced glass with the addition of coffee or cream liqueur.
“Fun on the plane” - espresso mixed with condensed milk is poured into a glass, and vodka is carefully poured on top. The ingredients should not be mixed.
Wine coffee is somewhat similar to mulled wine: espresso is mixed with heated wine, spices, zest and sugar (preferably vanilla or cane).
Royal Coffee - espresso is poured into a glass, brandy is carefully poured on top. Take a little more brandy into a spoon, add a piece of refined sugar and set it on fire. Bring a burning spoon to the glass and set fire to the brandy, then stir and, voila, enjoy an unusual hot cocktail.
Carajillo - grape vodka with sugar and espresso - simple but very tasty.
While it is acceptable to use instant coffee in sweet non-alcoholic coffee drinks, this is not suitable for cocktails with alcohol. It is better to use natural ground.
Otherwise, ingredients and preparation methods may vary.
You can study the varieties of coffee drinks for a long time - the list will be long. You can try something new every time, or you can be faithful to your favorite drink. The main thing is that you enjoy it.
Irina
Hello, I'm Irina. I have been a coffee expert for over 15 years. Over the past 6 years, I have tried every coffee there is to try and even opened my own coffee shop. Join me on this journey to learn more about coffee at Pokofemanim.ru
Coffee varieties used in production
The most valuable Arabica variety is the Brazilian Bourbon Santos. It can be found in single varieties and in elite mixtures. The brewed drink has a delicate taste with a slight sweetness and bitterness. It has a slightly sour taste.
Maragogype is also grown in Brazil. The fruits of the tree are large. If you brew them, you can get an aromatic drink with a slight sourness and sweetness.
One of the best varieties of Colombian coffee is Medellin. The grains of this variety are aromatic, smooth, and shiny.
The drink from Colombian Excelso has a sour taste and a fruity wine aroma.
Elite varieties
Elite coffee varieties have an unusual taste and aroma. They are rare and quite expensive. The most popular varieties include:
- Jamaica Blue Muanti. Coffee beans have an unusual color. They are blue-turquoise. The finished drink has a nutty flavor. Japan purchases the bulk.
- Kopi Luwak. This type of coffee is produced in Indonesia. A local rodent is involved in its production. It feeds on ripe coffee fruits, after which partially digested coffee beans are extracted from its feces, roasted, and crushed. This variety is in great demand among gourmets.
- Old Java. This is a variety of aged grains. To obtain it, mature grains are stored under special conditions for 6 years. The finished drink is unusually thick and aromatic.
But this is not the entire list of coffee varieties. There are about 40 species of trees alone on the globe.
Recipe
Making Dalgona coffee at home is very simple and does not require much skill, but it looks just as impressive as in a real coffee shop.
Ingredients for making Dalgona:
- instant coffee – 2 tbsp. spoons;
- hot water - 2 tbsp. spoons;
- sugar – 2 tbsp. spoons;
- milk – 300 ml;
- ice cubes – 4-6 pcs.;
- chocolate and cinnamon - for decoration.
Step-by-step preparation of the drink:
- In a mixing bowl, mix sugar, freeze-dried coffee and hot water in a 1:1:1 ratio, that is, for 2 tablespoons of sugar you will need 2 tablespoons of coffee and 2 tablespoons of water. If you want sweeter coffee with a slight bitterness, you can increase the amount of sugar to 3 tablespoons.
- Start whisking the contents of the bowl with a mixer. Initially the mixture will be dark in color. But over time, it will lighten, become an attractive caramel shade, and then turn into thick foam. The whole process takes a maximum of 5 minutes.
- Place 2-3 ice cubes in a serving cup.
- Pour in cold milk - it should fill 2/3 or more of the glass.
- Top with whipped coffee mixture. To make it easier to distribute the foam in the glass, you can, as it were, “grab” the edges of the container, find them with a spoon, and then the coffee foam will lie evenly.
- You can use grated chocolate or cinnamon as decoration. But even without these additives the drink turns out delicious.
If you don't have a mixer at hand, you can also use a regular whisk. But in order to whip up a foam of suitable thickness in this way, it takes a lot of time - about eight minutes, so you need to be patient.
Dalgone coffee is an unusual and tasty drink, inviting with lush caramel foam hanging from the edges of the glass. Just looking at the picture, you can’t help but want to immediately brew yourself this coffee drink, especially when all the ingredients are at hand.
The name of whipped coffee and what is it?
Dalgona coffee is a Korean “whipped” drink made from freeze-dried coffee, sugar and hot water in a 1:1:1 ratio. All ingredients are whipped into foam, then the resulting mixture is spread on top of ice-cooled milk.
As a result of the manipulations, you get a beautiful and very pleasant dessert with the taste of milk, where you can hardly taste the coffee.
“Whipped coffee” is popular in China and Pakistan; in these countries it is called Macau Coffee. When South Korean actor Jung Il Woo tried the drink on a TV show, he compared it to the Korean street sweet dalgona. This is where the name came from.
Dalgona candy is made from sugar and baking soda. The sugar is melted to a caramel state, then a pinch of soda is added and all the ingredients are mixed. The mixture is then allowed to harden. Dalgona coffee is very similar to these candies in appearance and taste.
Proper grinding of beans is the basis of coffee aroma
Incorrect grinding of beans can ruin the taste of even the most expensive elite coffee varieties. Like other coffee processing operations, grinding must also meet standardized requirements. Depending on the degree of grinding, there are the following types of ground coffee :
- very coarse grinding – up to 0.9 mm;
- coarse grinding – up to 0.7 mm;
- medium – up to 0.4 mm;
- ultra-thin - no more than 0.15 mm.
The degree of grinding of the beans determines the brewing time of the coffee.
The experience of coffee lovers shows that coarsely ground coffee should be brewed for 8 minutes, medium - about 5 minutes, fine - 1-3 minutes. At the same time, you must not allow the coffee to boil, because this is detrimental to the drink.
