In any cafe, restaurant, tavern you can order a cup of hot and aromatic coffee. However, there are small, cozy establishments that specialize exclusively in preparing and serving coffee or tea. They are called coffee shops. To sweeten a strong and invigorating drink, you can choose a sweet dish, cake or ice cream as a dessert. Some coffee establishments offer customers an assortment of sweet, carbonated and alcoholic drinks. In Western Asia and the Middle East, coffee shops offer hookah with flavored tobacco to customers.
Where did the first coffee shops appear and when?
Since coffee originates from the Arab world, coffee shops began to appear in these countries. The first two establishments opened in Constantinople, now the modern capital of Turkey - Istanbul, in 1554. The popularization of the consumption of an invigorating drink in gastronomic establishments pushed society to begin opening them in various European countries. The first coffee shop in Italy opened its doors to visitors in the mid-17th century. Since coffee came to the eastern part of Europe thanks to sea transportation, the first coffee shop was opened in Venice in 1654. Well, the Florian coffee house is especially popular, which has been welcoming its visitors from 1720 to the present period.
After conquering the European market, coffee began to spread to the northern part of the globe. On the English island, a coffee and gastronomic establishment was opened in 1652. However, in this state they were characterized by a distinctive feature. Here the coffee shops were called “one-penny universities” because they charged both for a cup of invigorating drink and for entry into its premises.
Since England owned lands on the American continent, its leaders brought their culture to America. Thus, in 1670, the first coffee shop was opened in the capital of Massachusetts, Boston, by William Penn. The country of eternal fashion, culture and style - France - was not long in coming. This is where a coffee shop first appeared in Paris in 1672 thanks to a native of Sicily, Francesco Proccopio. The merchant made a tactical move and opened an establishment opposite the popular Comedie Francaise theater. The highest elite had the opportunity to organize their meetings in modern establishments over a cup of aromatic drink of vigor.
In central Europe, the first gastronomic coffee establishment opened in 1683 in Vienna, after the liberation of the country from the invaders of the Ottoman Empire. Yuri Franz Kulchitsky developed his own recipe for making the drink. Now there are over three thousand coffee establishments in the Austrian capital. Their distinctive feature is not only spending time together, but also the privacy of a person over a cup of coffee with a newspaper or his thoughts.
In the German capital Berlin, the first coffee shop began operating in 1721.
Notes
- ↑ 12345Alexey Chernov.
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Coffee shops in Russia
The first coffee shops in Russia appeared during the rule of the country by Peter I.
It was this ruler who tried coffee as a ready-to-drink drink in Holland and, upon returning to Russian lands, began to actively popularize it. The establishments delighted visitors before the onset of proletarian power. During the heyday of the Soviet Union, all coffee shops were closed and reopened in the early 90s. The first coffee shop in modern style opened in St. Petersburg. By the end of 2005, their number increased to 150. All coffee shops in Russia are united into trade brands and operate on a network basis. In Coffee Facts | Tags: coffee shops in Russia, coffee shop, first coffee shop | Comments (0)
Excerpt characterizing the Coffee House
“Well, goodbye, your Excellency, don’t get sick,” said Rostopchin, getting up with his characteristic quick movements and extending his hand to the prince. - Goodbye, my dear, - the harp, I will always listen to it! - said the old prince, holding his hand and offering him a cheek for a kiss. Others also rose with Rostopchin. Princess Marya, sitting in the living room and listening to these talk and gossip of the old people, did not understand anything of what she heard; she only thought about whether all the guests noticed her father’s hostile attitude towards her. She did not even notice the special attention and courtesies that Drubetskoy, who had been in their house for the third time, showed her throughout this dinner. Princess Marya, with an absent-minded, questioning look, turned to Pierre, who, the last of the guests, with a hat in his hand and a smile on his face, approached her after the prince had left, and they alone remained in the living room. -Can we sit still? - he said, throwing his fat body into a chair next to Princess Marya. “Oh yes,” she said. “Didn’t you notice anything?” said her look. Pierre was in a pleasant, post-dinner state of mind. He looked ahead and smiled quietly. “How long have you known this young man, princess?” - he said. - Which one? - Drubetsky? - No, recently... - What do you like about him? - Yes, he is a nice young man... Why are you asking me this? - said Princess Marya, continuing to think about her morning conversation with her father. “Because I made an observation, a young man usually comes from St. Petersburg to Moscow on vacation only for the purpose of marrying a rich bride. – You made this observation! - said Princess Marya. “Yes,” Pierre continued with a smile, “and this young man now behaves in such a way that where there are rich brides, there he is.” It’s like I’m reading it from a book. He is now undecided who to attack: you or mademoiselle Julie Karagin. Il est tres assidu aupres d'elle. [He is very attentive to her.] - Does he go to see them? - Very often. And do you know a new style of grooming? - Pierre said with a cheerful smile, apparently in that cheerful spirit of good-natured ridicule, for which he so often reproached himself in his diary. “No,” said Princess Marya. - Now, in order to please Moscow girls - il faut etre melancolique. Et il est tres melancolique aupres de m lle Karagin, [one must be melancholic. And he is very melancholy with m elle Karagin,” said Pierre. - Vraiment? [Really?] - said Princess Marya, looking into Pierre’s kind face and never ceasing to think about her grief. “It would be easier for me,” she thought, if I decided to trust someone with everything I feel. And I would like to tell Pierre everything. He is so kind and noble. It would make me feel better. He would give me advice!” – Would you marry him? asked Pierre. “Oh, my God, Count, there are moments when I would marry anyone,” Princess Marya suddenly said to herself, with tears in her voice. “Oh, how hard it can be to love a loved one and feel that... nothing (she continued in a trembling voice) you can’t do for him except grief, when you know that you can’t change it.” Then one thing is to leave, but where should I go?... - What are you, what’s wrong with you, princess? But the princess, without finishing, began to cry. – I don’t know what’s wrong with me today. Don't listen to me, forget what I told you. All Pierre's gaiety disappeared. He anxiously questioned the princess, asked her to express everything, to confide in him her grief; but she only repeated that she asked him to forget what she said, that she did not remember what she said, and that she had no grief other than the one he knew - the grief that Prince Andrei’s marriage threatens to quarrel with his father son. – Have you heard about the Rostovs? – she asked to change the conversation. - I was told that they would be here soon. I also wait for Andre every day. I would like them to see each other here. – How does he look at this matter now? - Pierre asked, by which he meant the old prince. Princess Marya shook her head. - But what to do? There are only a few months left until the year ends. And this cannot be. I would only like to spare my brother the first minutes. I wish they would come sooner. I hope to get along with her. “You have known them for a long time,” said Princess Marya, “tell me, hand on heart, the whole true truth, what kind of girl is this and how do you find her?” But the whole truth; because, you understand, Andrei risks so much, doing this against the will of his father, that I would like to know... A vague instinct told Pierre that in these reservations and repeated requests to tell the whole truth, Princess Marya’s ill will towards her future daughter-in-law was expressed, that she I wanted Pierre not to approve of Prince Andrei’s choice; but Pierre said what he felt rather than thought. “I don’t know how to answer your question,” he said, blushing, without knowing why. “I absolutely don’t know what kind of girl this is; I can't analyze it at all. She's charming. Why, I don’t know: that’s all that can be said about her. “Princess Marya sighed and the expression on her face said: “Yes, I expected and was afraid of this.” – Is she smart? - asked Princess Marya. Pierre thought about it. “I think not,” he said, “but yes.” She doesn't deserve to be smart... No, she's charming, and nothing more. – Princess Marya again shook her head disapprovingly. - Oh, I so want to love her! You will tell her this if you see her before me. “I heard that they will be there one of these days,” said Pierre. Princess Marya told Pierre her plan about how, as soon as the Rostovs arrived, she would become close to her future daughter-in-law and try to accustom the old prince to her. Boris did not succeed in marrying a rich bride in St. Petersburg and he came to Moscow for the same purpose. In Moscow, Boris was indecisive between the two richest brides - Julie and Princess Marya. Although Princess Marya, despite her ugliness, seemed more attractive to him than Julie, for some reason he felt awkward courting Bolkonskaya. On her last meeting with her, on the old prince’s name day, to all his attempts to talk to her about feelings, she answered him inappropriately and obviously did not listen to him.
Arab Peninsula: plantations and first trade
The history of coffee (judging by the first mentions in written sources) continues on the Arab Peninsula. The grains found by an Ethiopian shepherd were brought here, and coffee was first cultivated and sold here. By the 15th century, coffee was grown in Yemen, and in the 16th century it was known in Persia, Egypt, Syria and Turkey.
Coffee was drunk not only at home, but also in special coffee houses that began to appear in the Middle East. The drink became increasingly famous and people preferred it as an accompaniment to any social activity.
People began to visit coffee houses not only to enjoy a drink and chat, but also to listen to music, watch performances or play chess. Such institutions very quickly turned into centers for the exchange of information, which is why they soon even began to be called “schools of wisdom.”
Thousands of pilgrims from all over the world who visited the holy sites of Mecca every year continued to spread the knowledge of Arabi wine.
Plantations around the world
Briefly, the history of coffee is the history of the spread of the drink one by one from one part of the world to another, so as demand increased, competition for the cultivation of coffee appeared outside of Arabia.
Eventually, in the 17th century, the Dutch managed to obtain seedlings. Their first attempts to grow grains in India failed, but they had some success in Botavia on the island of Java (now part of Indonesia).
The trees grew, and soon the coffee trade began to develop in Holland. Further, the cultivation of coffee trees expanded to the islands of Sumatra and Sulawesi.
Appearance in Latin America
In 1714, the mayor of Amsterdam presented the French King Louis XIV with a coffee tree seedling. The king ordered it to be planted in the Royal Botanical Garden in Paris. In 1723, a young naval officer, Gabriel de Clue, received a sapling of the royal coffee tree. Despite a difficult voyage - terrible weather, a saboteur trying to destroy the plant, and a pirate attack - the officer managed to transport the coffee tree safely to Martinique (Antilles in the Caribbean).
The planted tree blossomed, and over the next 50 years, about 18 million coffee trees grew on the island. A seedling exported from France became the progenitor of all coffee trees on the Caribbean island, South and Central America.
Brazilian coffee owes its existence to Francis de Mello Paletta, who was sent by the emperor to French Guiana to buy beans. The French did not want to share, but the wife of the French ruler, enchanted by Francis, gave him a huge bouquet of flowers before he sailed from the island. Hidden in the flowers were enough beans to begin cultivating coffee.
Missionaries and travelers, traders and colonists continued to bring coffee beans to new lands. So, trees were planted all over the world. By the end of the 18th century, coffee had become one of the most profitable agricultural crops for export.
New world: from tea to coffee
In the mid-17th century, coffee was brought to New Amsterdam, later called New York by the British.
Although coffee shops sprang up quickly, tea continued to be the drink of choice in the New World until 1773, when colonists rebelled against a heavy tax on tea imposed by King George III. The uprising known as the Boston Tea Party forever changed American preferences: coffee took precedence. First chosen as a replacement for their favorite drink, the population liked coffee so much that even the reduced tax did not encourage people to return to tea.
Ethiopian legend: an accidental find
The most popular origin story of coffee tells of a young goat herder, Kaldi, from the Ethiopian province of Caffa, who lived around the second half of the sixth century. According to legend, he noticed that his goats were extremely energetic and did not want to sleep all night after eating the berries of a certain tree.
The young man reported his discovery to the abbot of the local monastery, who decided to brew a drink from these berries. The monk found that after drinking the drink, he remained energetic throughout the long hours of evening prayers. Soon the news about the miraculous cure for fatigue spread throughout the monastery.
As knowledge of coffee spread eastward, coffee beans began traveling around the world.
What does a bad lease agreement lead to?
Latmussa's landlord increased prices by 10% annually. Usually this was tolerable, but in 2016 consumables became much more expensive, and Alexander asked to keep the same price next year. It was not possible to come to an agreement with the landlord, only to quarrel: as a result, the rent was raised even higher than usual. Latmus had to look for a new premises - and, since there was not a single suitable option nearby, abandon the place in which so much effort had been invested.
In a short time, it was not possible to find an equally accessible place, and the coffee shop moved to the high floor of the business center. There were no more random passers-by here: the coffee shop continued to exist only thanks to local workers and old loyal customers. But now she was operating at a loss and with no prospect of attracting a wider audience.
View from the 30th floor of Demidova, pumpkin raff
Typically, landlords of catering premises offer a contract for a period of 11 months, so as not to register it with Rosreestr. This gives them the ability to arbitrarily change the conditions every year, which is why Litmuss suffered. It is in the interests of the coffee shop owner to have a long-term contract for 2-3 years. For individual entrepreneurs, registration with Rosreestr will cost 2000 ₽ - a trifle compared to the risk of suddenly losing the premises. We also recommend that you read the tips on the terms of the lease agreement.
